The new operator is one way to make an array. The next line of code in the ArrayDemo program creates an array with enough space for ten integers and assigns it to the variable anArray.

anArray = new int[10]; // create an array of integers
In the absence of this statement, the compiler would generate an error similar to the following, resulting in a compilation failure:
ArrayDemo.java:4: The variable anArray may not have been initialized.
The subsequent lines allocate values to each component of the array:

anArray[0] = 100; // initialize first element
anArray[1] = 200; // initialize second element
anArray[2] = 300; // etc.

Each element of the array is accessed via its numerical index:

System.out.println(“Element 1 at index 0: ” + anArray[0]);
System.out.println(“Element 2 at index 1: ” + anArray[1]);
System.out.println(“Element 3 at index 2: ” + anArray[2]);

As an alternative, you can create and initialize an array by using the shortcut syntax, which is as follows:
int[ ] anArray = {100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000};

Square brackets are used to declare multidimensional arrays, which are simple arrays with components that are also arrays. The length of an array is determined by the number of values between { and }. In Java programming, a multidimensional array is a simple array with components that are also arrays, allowing rows to vary in length. This differs from arrays in Fortran or C.

class MultiDimArrayDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String[][] names = {{"Mr. ", "Mrs. ", "Ms. "},
                            {"Smith", "Jones"}};
        System.out.println(names[0][0] + names[1][0]); //Mr. Smith
        System.out.println(names[0][2] + names[1][1]); //Ms. Jones
    }
}

What this program gives you is:
Mr. Smith
Ms. Jones
Finally, the built-in length feature can be used to find out how big an array is. System.out.println(anArray.length);
will show the size of the array on the screen.